English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Earthworms had a mechanism of antibacterial. The research aimed to observe  Lumbricus rubellus, Eisenia foetida, Nereis  sp. antibacterial activity against Salmonella thyposa , Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis  in vitro compared to ampicillin antibiotics. All the worms extracted using ethyl acetate extraction and tested their MIC. The compound of amino acids of the worms was analyzed by HPLC and nanodrop.   Lumbricus rubellus  was the best anti-bacteria activity followed by  Eisenia foetida  and  Nereis  sp., but these activities less than ampicillin antibiotic. Observations with SEM showed these worms extract caused cell leakage in all of these bacteria. Protein content with Nanodrop testing revealed the highest protein content was  Lumbricus rubellus  (21.75 ppm) followed by  Eisenia foetida  (21.32 ppm) and  Nereis  sp. (20.98 ppm), as well as for amino acids levels, there were  Lumbricus rubellus  (24.66%),  Eisenia foetida  (22.78%),  Nereis  sp. (18.37%). From the 15 amino acids detected, all of the worms had the same sequence of fourth the highest amino acids (Glutamate, Aspartate, Leucine, Arginine) and fourth the lowest amino acid levels (Methionine, Hystidin, Tyrosin, Glisan). It had not been tested amino acid sequences of antibacterial compounds of these worms (Lumbricin 1: Phe-Ser-Lys-Tyr-Glu-Arg in  Lumbricus rubellus  worms, Fetidin 1: Ala-Met-Val-Ser-Ser and Fetidin 2: Ala-Met- Val-Gly-Thr in the  Eisenia foetida  worm, Hemerythrin: His-Glu-Asp in  Nereis  sp).

el-hayah/jurnal el-hayah

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY ETHYL ACETATE EXTRACTS OF EARTHWORMS (Lumbricus rubellus, Eisenia foetida, Nereis sp) TOWARD Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Salmonella thyposa INVITRO