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IN T R O D U C T IO N: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common type of monogenic kidney disease. It is the cause of ESRD in 5–10% of adult patients who undergo renal replacement therapy. Owing to the increasing use of ultrasonography, occurrence of the disease has been observed among children. M A T E R IA L A N D M ET H O D S: The research group consisted of 19 patients with normal kidney function (12 girls and 7 boys aged 1.8–18.8 at the moment of examination) who suffered from ADPKD. 15 patients met the ultrasonographic criteria of the diagnosis. Although the remaining 4 patients did not meet the criteria, they had a strong family history of ADPKD and underwent USG which revealed at least 2 cysts. For each patient, the Total Kidney Volume (TKV), defined as the sum volume of both kidneys, was juxtaposed with BSA. The children underwent the examination approximately every 12 months. R E S U L T S: The members of the research group manifested a statistically significant annual increase in TKV (in 2015, 296.71 ± 178.67 cm 3 versus 350.38 ± 195.86 cm 3 in 2016, p = 0.019), as well as TKV in relation to body surface (in 2015, 191.23 ± 86.29 cm 3 /m 2 versus 221.15 ± 96.99 cm 3 /m 2 in 2016, p = 0.037). There were no apparent differences in the rate of total TKV increase which would depend either on the patient's gender (girls 32.45 ± 51.88 cm 3 /m 2 /year versus boys 25.56 ± 71.00 cm 3 /m 2 /year, p = 0.81), or on the number of renal cysts revealed by USG (< 5 cysts 30.77 ± 61.6 cm 3 /m 2 /year versus ≥ 5 cysts 29.41 ± 58.22 cm 3 /m 2 /year, p = 0.96). C O N C L U S IO N: In children and young adults with ADPKD, the increase in total kidney volume (in relation to BSA) can be observed after a 12-month observation.

12-month assessment of increase in total kidney volume in children and young adults with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease – a pilot study