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A new species of black coral, Antipathes expansa (Cnidaria: Antipatharia) from the northeastern Gulf of Mexico Is described. The species Is distinguished from other western Atlantic flabellate species by having large, conical, tuberculate spines. A. axpansa resembles the Indo-Paclfic species Antipathes cancallata (Brook) but differs In having a non-retlculate corallum and slightly larger polyps. in September, 1989 the second author participated in a cruise of the Johnson-Sea-Link I research submersible (stations 2582 2595) off the southeastern coast of Louisiana. While the purpose of the cruise was to investigate the geomorphoiogy of authigenic carbonate hardgrounds associated with oil deposits, many benthic invertebrates were also collected from depths of 183-353 m and later deposited at the National Museum of Natural History. Among the specimens collected were eight species of Antipatharia, including one previously undescribed species. This new species Is described herein. The other seven species, as well as the azooxanthellate Scleractinia, collected on that cruise will be reported in a separate paper (Cairns, Opresko, Hopkins, and Schroeder, in prep.). Material Examined JSL-l-2585, 27°44.62' N, 91°07.9°W (off southeastern Louisiana), 129 -144 m, USNM 88340, holotype. Diagnosis Corallum small, generally fiatieiiate (Fig. la), but not strictly in one plane; occasional short branches extending out of front and posterior sides of corallum. Terminal branchlets short, most 5 9 mm long and 0.4 0.6 mm in diameter (0.2 0.3 mm excluding spines), arranged bilaterally, but not regularly alternate or opposite; adjacent branchlets on same or opposite sides of branch 0.1 2.0 mm apart (mostly 0.5 -1.5 mm apart), and arising from all lower order ramifications including stem. Branchlets occasionally overlapping and anastomosing. Spines relatively long, conical, and tuberculate on distal one-third to one-half of surface; unequal in size around circumference of branch axis (Fig. 2); polypar spines on branchlets usually 0.18 0.20 mm long (range: 0.14-0.23 mm), 0.04 0.05 mm wide at center; abpolypar spines mostly 0.09 0.13 mm long. Spines on branchlets spaced about 0.28 mm apart (4-5 per mm) and in 3-4 longitudinal rows (complete spines Including base) as seen from a lateral view (with a total of 6 rows around the circumference of the axis). Polyps In a single row, about 0.8 mm In transverse diameter (from proximal side of proximal lateral tentacles to distal side of distal lateral tentacles); Interpolypar space betwen adjacent polyps variable, mostly 0.3 0.4 mm resulting in

New Species of Black Coral (Cnidaria: Antipatharia) from the Northern Gulf of Mexico