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Blue runner were obtained from commercial fisheries in south Florida, northwest Florida, and the Mississippi Delta. Monthly mean gonadosomatic indices indicated that peak spawning occurred in June, July, and August for all areas with a secondary peak in October for northwest Florida. The spawning season was confirmed for the south Florida collection by histological examination of gonads. Probit analysis of 185 northwest Florida blue runner captured during peak spawning months indicated a length-at-maturity of 267 mm. Fecundity varied from 41,000 ova in a 243·mm·FL, 288-gram fish to 1,546,000 ova in a 385·mm· FL, 1,076-gram fish. Sex ratios were 1.15F:1M for Mississippi Delta, 1.66F:1M for northwest Florida and 1.91 F:1 M for south Florida. The blue runner, Caranx crysos, is a coastal pelagic species of the western north Atlantic, ranging from Nova Scotia to Brazil (McKenney et at., 1958). It is abundant along the southeast coast of the United States, through the West Indies faunal region and, seasonally, the northeast Gulf of Mexico (Berry, 1959; Ginsburg, 1952). Blue runner are present in Bermuda water but are less abundant there than elsewhere (Nichols, 1939). Blue runner occur singly or in schools and are captured by sport and commercial fishermen for bait, food, and sport. About 307 t of blue runner were taken commercially off the west coast of Florida during 1978 (Anonymous, 1981). More recently large numbers of fish are now being caught together with red drum, Sciaenops ace/latus, by purse seiners off the Mississippi Delta (Overstreet, 1983). Blue runner are also taken by charter boats off the Atlantic and gulf coasts and by pier and jetty anglers. 139 Seasonal occurrence of young blue runner in collections made by various researchers has provided a basis of estimating spawning cycles. Berry (1959) noted from larval sizes that spawning extended from early April to early September off the southeastern Atlantic coast of the United States. Juveniles (<100 mm SL) were found by Dooley (1972) in peak abundance during June and July off southeast Florida where they have a close affinity with the sargassum community and the Gulf Steam. McKenney eta/. (1958) and Fahay (1975) stated that spawning occurred year-round; however 75% of the postlarvae collected by McKenney et a/. (1958) were taken from April through August. Montolio (1976) noted two separate spawning peaks based on his larval collections from the south-central Gulf of Mexico, one in April-May, and the other in August-September. A summary of the reproductive biology of blue runner is also given by Johnson (1978). 1 Goodwin and Finucane: Reproductive Biology of Blue Runner (Caranx crysos) from the East Published by The Aquila Digital Community, 1984 140 J.M. Goodwin, IV and J.H. Finucane Other aspects of the biology of blue runner are less well known. Munro (1974) provided a length-weight equation of W = .0065 TL 3·302, where W = weight in g and TL = total length in mm, and estimates of 620 mm TL for maximum length and 5,400 g for maximum weight from the Caribbean Sea. Berry (1979) noted a maximum record fork length (FL) of 711 mm and an estimated maximum weight of 2,724 g and he estimated length-at-maturity occurred at 225-250 mm SL. Reintjes (1959) stated that no data were available on age-size relationship, growth rates, age-at-first spawning, life expectancy, mortality rates, and sex ratios. The purpose of this investigation was to expand further our knowledge of blue runner reproductive biology by determining spawning season, fecundity, length-at-maturity, and sex ratios from the eastern Gulf of Mexico.

Reproductive Biology of Blue Runner (Caranx crysos) from the Eastern Gulf of Mexico