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sp. (Bohlke and Chaplin 1968). Juveniles even-tually recruit into oligohaline habitats. The species range isfrom Sao Paulo, Brazil, to New Jersey, USA, although thenorthernmost limit of permanent breeding populationsoccurs in the freshwater tributaries to the Indian RiverLagoon in east central Florida (Gilmore and Gilbert 1992).The opossum pipefish is one of 25 species of diadromousfish at risk of extinction in North America (Musick et al.2000) and is a candidate species to the US Threatened andEndangered Species List (Federal Register 1999).The opossum pipefish diet was unknown untilTeixeira and Perrone (1998) analyzed the gut contents of109 opossum pipefish from the southeastern Brazil popu-lation. They found that the most abundant prey were insectlarvae, followed by juvenile fish (Gerreidae) and smallcrustaceans. However, the diet necessary to maintainaquarium-kept opossum pipefish had not been determinedprior to the present paper.Male Syngnathidae (seahorses and pipefishes) carry abrood of fertilized eggs in a partially or completely closedpouch, depending on the species. Hatching occurs insidethe pouch, followed by release of the young syngnathids. Brood release has been documented for commonpipefish and seahorse species that have been succesfullykept in aquaria (Garrick-Maidment 1997). Gilmore (1977)reported opossum pipefish brood release in a freshwateraquarium, but the actual event of brood release was notobserved. Long-term aquarium keeping of opossumpipefish has not been attempted before, and many funda-mental questions of the biology of the species remain unre-solved. In 350 BC, Aristotle was the first scientist to describethe process of brood release in Syngnathidae, probably

Notes on Aquarium Brood Release and Feeding of the Opossum Pipefish, Microphis brachyurus lineatus