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The Family 500+ Programme (Program Rodzina 500+, hereinafter PR500+) is a governmental scheme that lies at the intersection of social and family policies, implemented in Poland since April 2016 under provisions of the Act on State Support in Raising Children (2016). The benefit has a fixed value of PLN 500 per month per child (about 120 Euro)1. At the same time, the first (oldest) child in the family is entitled to this benefit only after meeting the income criterion2, while the second and the subsequent children are eligible regardless of the size of the family’s income. Social services have the right to control how the funds obtained from the programme are spent by parents and – in cases where evident wastage of funds is found – to exchange cash benefits for material assistance3. The benefits are paid to 2.62 million Polish families raising almost 4 million children. Expenditure from the state budget for the implementation of the programme is on average about PLN 2 billion per month. In the period of April 2016 – July 2017, the cost of payment of the benefit amounted to PLN 30.8 billion (MRPiPS 2017). The announcement of launching the programme was presented in 2014 in a manifesto of the conservative political party Law and Justice (Zdrowie, Praca, Rodzina 2014: 108), which won the parliamentary elections in Poland in autumn 2015, and created an independent majority government. No green paper

Investment in children as a public good : the example of the Family 500+ Programme