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O controverso metodo de fracking para a extracao de gas de xisto e seus impactos socioambientais tem colocado em evidencia as disputas acirradas em torno das decisoes politicas e do estado capitalista. Diante da relevância do tema e do incipiente numero de estudos no Brasil, neste artigo, analisamos como as decisoes sobre o frackingvem sendo abordadas nas perspectivas funcionalista e critica. Desenvolvemos uma pesquisa bibliografica e descritiva, apoiados principalmente na literatura internacional. Embora as duas perspectivas oferecam importantes contribuicoes, sao as criticas que melhor capturam as relacoes de poder em jogo nas decisoes sobre o frackinge fomentam o engajamento contra novas injusticas. Mais estudos serao necessarios no Pais dada a complexidade do tema e da vigencia de projetos pro-fracking que poderao ganhar forca no atual contexto de desregulamentacao neoliberal. Palavras-chave: Fracking. Gas de xisto. Decisao politica. Politica ambiental. Estado. “EXPLOSIVE” POLITIZATION OF SHALE GAS DECISIONS: critical contributions to fracking study Abstract The controversial fracking method for shale gas extraction and its socio-environmental impacts has brought to light disputes over political decisions and capitalist state. Given the theme's relevance and the incipient number of studies in Brazil, this article analyzes how decisions about fracking have been approached from functionalist and critical perspectives. We developed a bibliographic and descriptive research, supported mainly by international literature. While both perspectives make important contributions, critiques' ones can best capture the power relations at stake in decisions about fracking and foster engagement against new injustices. Further studies will be needed in Brazil due to the theme complexity, the continuity of pro-fracking projects and the current intensification of neoliberal deregulation of environmental policies. Keywords: Fracking. Shale gas. Political decision. Environmental policy. State.

A POLITIZAÇÃO “EXPLOSIVA” DO GÁS DE XISTO: contribuições críticas para o estudo do Fracking