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No contexto da civilizacao contemporânea do capital, este artigo enfoca a precarizacao estrutural do trabalho, a expressar uma nova morfologia laboral, na temporalidade historica da crise estrutural do capital. Salienta a nova forma de precarizacao ampliada do trabalho, nos marcos da “maquinofatura”, a perpassar experiencias de diferentes segmentos de trabalhadores e trabalhadoras, encarnando o estranhamento do “homem-que-trabalha” a manifestar-se na totalidade da sua vida e na cotidianeidade. Demarca a universalidade da condicao de proletariedade, como condicao existencial de homens e mulheres que vivem sob a ordem burguesa, em tempos de capitalismo global. Analisa a emergencia e constituicao do precariado como uma camada social da classe trabalhadora que, nesta segunda decada do seculo XXI, se amplia e ganha visibilidade nos paises capitalistas considerados centrais. Delineia vias analiticas distintas na busca de explicacao do precariado no interior da nova temporalidade historica do sistema do capital, em meio as suas contradicoes. Configura esta camada precarizada de trabalhadores na articulacao entre faixa geracional, grau educacional e forma de insercao no trabalho e no mundo social, questionando a forca emancipatoria das lutas desse precariado. Sustenta, como via de estudo, que o precariado esta a afirmar-se no cenario brasileiro, constituindo a base social dos movimentos sociais que irromperam, na vida brasileira, em junho e julho de 2013. Por fim, afirma ser o precariado um enigma contemporâneo, a ser desvendado pelo pensamento critico e radical neste seculo XXI. Palavras-chave: Crise do Capital, condicao de proletariedade, precarizacao estrutural do trabalho, precariado. THE STRUCTURAL PRECARIOUSNESS OF WORK IN THE CIVILIZATION OF THE CAPITAL IN CRISIS: the precariat as a contemporaneous enigma Abstract: Within the context of the current civilization of capital, this article approaches the structural precariousness of labor, that tends to express a new work morphology, in the historical timeline of the capital crisis It highlights the new enlarged form of labor precariousness, within the limits of the “machine-facture process”, that brings forth experiences from different segments of workers giving shape to the estrangement of the “man-who-works” that is seen along his daily life. It demarcates the universality condition of the proletariat ,as an existence-related situation of men and women who live under the bourgeoisie, at a time of global capitalism. It analyses the surge and constitution of precariousness as a social stratum from the working class that is gaining space and visibility in major capitalist countries in this second decade of the twenty-first century. It delineates distinct analytic lines in search of explaining precariousness according to the new historical timeline of capital, amid its contradictions. It configures this precariousness-dominated stratum of workers in the articulation of factors such as age, education and insertion in the work force and the social world, questioning the fighting emancipation force of it. It sustains, as a mean of study, that the proletariat is establishing itself within the Brazilian scenario, shaping up the social basis of social movements that made their way to the Brazilian life in June and July of 2013. Finally, it affirms that precariousness of labor is a contemporaneous enigma to be solved by the critical and radical thinking within the current century. Keywords: Capital crisis, proletariat condition, structural precariousness of labor, labor precariousness.

A PRECARIZAÇÃO ESTRUTURAL DO TRABALHO NA CIVILIZAÇÃO DO CAPITAL EM CRISE: o precariado como enigma contemporâneo