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The powerful combination of the cutting-edge multi-object spectrograph MOSAICwith the world largest telescope, the ELT, will allow us to probe deeper intothe Universe than was possible. MOSAIC is an extremely efficient instrument inproviding spectra for the numerous faint sources in the Universe, including thevery first galaxies and sources of cosmic reionization. MOSAIC has a highmultiplex in the NIR and in the VIS, in addition to multi-Integral Field Units(Multi-IFUs) in NIR. As such it is perfectly suited to carry out an inventoryof dark matter (from rotation curves) and baryons in the cool-warm gas phasesin galactic haloes at z=3-4. MOSAIC will enable detailed maps of theintergalactic medium at z=3, the evolutionary history of dwarf galaxies duringa Hubble time, the chemistry directly measured from stars up to several Mpc.Finally, it will measure all faint features seen in cluster gravitationallenses or in streams surrounding nearby galactic halos, providing MOSAIC to bea powerful instrument with an extremely large space of discoveries. Thepreliminary design of MOSAIC is expected to begin next year, and its level ofreadiness is already high, given the instrumental studies made by the team.

MOSAIC on the ELT: high-multiplex spectroscopy to unravel the physics of stars and galaxies from the dark ages to the present-day