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Founded in Norman times, the Principality of Taranto had a centuries-old history as a state in the South-East of Italian peninsula. The Principality, named after its capital Taranto in Apulia, was a satellite area at the borders of various kingdoms of the Mezzogiorno2. Passing to the Normans, Swabians and then to the Angevins, the Principality was bound to the central power, and its Princes were chosen among the ruling families3. In this way, the Reign could benefit from the natural geographical strategy of this domain, especially for trade with the Adriatic Sea and the East4. Above all for the Angevins, the territory was indeed a political, institutional and financial vehicle to pursue broader intents [3, p. 23]. An exception to this long series of rulers was the Orsini del Balzo family5, the first house not strictly related to the royal one, represented by Raimondo (1350/1355–1406) [50] and his son Giovanni Antonio (1401–1463) [27]. Their government began in 1399 and ended in 1463, and it was interrupted between 1407 and 1420, when the Principality returned to the hands of the King Ladislao Durazzo (1377–1414) [9, p. 81], thanks to his marriage with Maria d’Enghien (1367–1446), widow of Raimondo [16]. The rule of the Orsini del Balzo was focused on an administrative, judicial and tax organisation of an increasingly vast fiefdom [34, p. 128], and the power acquired allowed them to adopt separatist tendencies from the Crown6. The Orsini del Balzo established a permanent court in their Apulian borders, giving new primacy to the County of Soleto, in the core of Salento [26, pp. 58–59; 54, p. 191]. This area was chosen by its geographical position: cities as Soleto and Galatina could connect important

At the Borders of the Regnum of Naples. The Guglia and the Princes of Taranto Orsini del Balzo in Soleto