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*Autor para correspondencia: Rey David Vargas Sánchez Correo electrónico: rey.vargas@ciad.mx Recibido: 10 de diciembre de 2019 Aceptado: 01 de abril de 2020 ABSTRACT This study determined the effects of season and collection location on physicochemical quality and microbiological properties of raw propolis, and the biological activity of propolis extracts. The total phenolic compounds (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were measured, and antioxidant activity was evaluated by the free-radical scavenging activity (FRSA) and reducing power ability (RPA). The antibacterial activity was determined against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium) bacteria. The results showed that season affect physicochemical properties, but no different in microbial counts of raw propolis. Propolis extracts collected in both regions during summer had the greatest effect against S. aureus (>17 mm of inhibition zone). In addition, propolis extracts from location 2 and collected during summer exhibit the highest TPC and TFC (>150 and 250 mg/g, respectively), as well as highest FRSA (>70% of radical inhibition) and RPA (>0.2 abs). In conclusion, the season and collection location affect the physicochemical properties of propolis and extract bioactivities of propolis.

biotecnia

Physicochemical and microbiological characterization, and evaluation of the antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of propolis produced in two seasons and two areas of the eastern edge of the Sonoran Desert