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La cuenca del rio Ayuquila-Armeria es la mas grande en el estado de Colima y la tercera en Jalisco, tiene un area de 9,796 km2. Las presiones antropogenicas, como contaminacion puntual o difusa, extracciones de agua, regulacion del flujo, entre otras, ejercidas a las cuencas pueden alterar la calidad, cantidad y/o temporalidad del agua, la morfologia del cauce, la biodiversidad y sus riberas principalmente. El objetivo fue identificar las principales alteraciones ecohidrologicas de los rios perennes en la cuenca Ayuquila-Armeria. Se delimitaron 45 microcuencas de los rios perennes en la cuenca. Se evaluo el grado de alteracion ecohidrologica mediante un analisis multicriterio siguiendo la metodologia de Garrido y colaboradores utilizando 13 variables en tres niveles jerarquicos: red fluvial, zona riberena y microcuenca hidrografica. Un analisis inexistente hasta el momento. El 33 % de la cuenca se clasifica con un nivel de alteracion “alto” y casi un 55 % con un nivel “muy bajo”. Estos resultados difieren a los obtenidos a nivel nacional, donde clasifican a la cuenca Ayuquila-Armeria con un nivel de alteracion ecohidrologica “alto”. Las microcuencas con mayor nivel de alteracion ecohidrologica estan afectadas por la modificacion en la infraestructura de la red fluvial, relacionada con la agricultura.ABSTRACTThe Ayuquila-Armeria river is the largest basin in the state of Colima and the third in Jalisco, with an area of 9,796 km2. Anthropogenic pressures, such as point or diffuse pollution, water withdrawals, flow regulation, among others, exerted on the basins can alter the quality, quantity and / or temporality of the water, the morphology of the riverbed, biodiversity and its riverbanks mainly. The objective was to identify the main ecohydrological alterations of the perennial rivers in the Ayuquila-Armeria basin. 45 micro-basins of the perennial rivers in the basin were delimited. The degree of ecohydrological alteration was evaluated through a multicriteria analysis following the methodology of Garrido and collaborators using 13 variables at three hierarchical levels: river network, riverine area and hydrographic micro-basin. A non-existent analysis exists so far. Thirty three percent of the basin is classified with a “high” level of alteration and almost 55 % with a “very low” level. These results differ from those obtained at the national level, where they classify the Ayuquila-Armeria basin with a “high” ecohydrological alteration level. Micro-basins with a higher level of ecohydrological alteration are affected by the modification in the infrastructure of the river network, related to agriculture.

biotecnia

Nivel de alteración ecohidrológica en ríos perennes de la cuenca del río Ayuquila-Armería//Level of ecohydrological alteration in perennial rivers of the Ayuquila-Armeria river basin