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Objectives : Dermal delivery is an excellent route of drug administration. In this study, Zinc Oxide nanoparticles(ZnO-NPs) and 6 solvents were used as enhancers to promote dermal permeation of collagen. Methods : Formulations contained collagen, solvent and ZnO-NPs. Permeation of collagen was determined by an ex vivo (animal skin) method. Results : Using sunower oil, olive oil, coconut oil, liquid parafn, dimethyl sulfoxide or tetrahydrofuran, lead to permeation of 46, 47, 60, 241, 56 and 35 mg collagen, respectively. Addition of 200 mg ZnO-NPs, resulted in permeation of 68, 61, 72, 286, 63 and 47 mg collagen, respectively. Using 300 or 400 mg ZnO-NPs and liquid parafn, lead to permeation of 299 and 286 mg collagen, respectively. Conclusion : Using the solvents or ZnO-NPs enhanced the permeation of collagen. The enhancement was more when a solvent and ZnO-NPs were used simultaneously. Among them, combination of liquid parafn and ZnO-NPs, showed a synergistic enhancing effect leading to the maximum permeation observed in the study. This was explained with the completely different enhancing mechanisms of liquid parafn and ZnONPs. Therefore, the study suggests using liquid parafn and ZnO-NPs or other combinations of enhancers having distinct mechanisms to prominently improve the permeation of collagen.

Using a Synergistic Combination of Two Enhancers for Dermal Delivery of Collagen in Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Products