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Triploidy due to meiotic nondisjunction is a rare event in Diptera. Cytogenetic analyses performed in a population of fruit flies Anastrepha obliqua from the state of Rio Grande do Norte, northeast of Brazil, identified the occurrence of one triployd individual. This is the first case of triploidy described in the Anastrepha genus.  Samples of A. obliqua larvae were obtained from Spondias purpurea (red mombin) fruits.  A. obliqua presents a diploid value of 2n=12 observed in 29 specimens, whereas a triploid individual presented 3n=18. The triploid specimen showed three AgNOR sites and a variation from one to three nucleoli in interphase nuclei, in contrast to the two sites in the diploids. In  Anastrepha , natural triploidy is proving to be a rare event and apparently holds no evolutionary significance to the species A. obliqua . Keywords: Tephritidae; insect cytogenetics; polyploidy; northeastern Brazil.

Um Caso Raro de Triploidia Natural na Mosca-das-Frutas Anastrepha obliqua