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Endemisms among the ichthyofauna of the hydrographic Brazilian basins has been showed frequent, mainly due to vicariance or dispersal processes. Several species constitute genuinely complexes of cryptic species, in clear process of differentiation. Cytogenetic analysis performed in the catfish, Parauchenipterus galeatus , in the basin of the Eastern North-east Atlantic basin of Brazil revealed a karyotype with 2n = 58 (24m+16sm+10st+8a; NF=108), with unique NORs sites located in the distal region of a submetacentric chromosome pair and with reduced heterochromatic regions. This standard karyotype shown differentiated from other already described for species of others basins. The distribution of heterochromatin associated with structural variations of karyotype represent important evidences of cytogenetic differentiation of P. galeatus among the different Brazilian basins. Considering the time of divergence between large basins, it is possible that the cytogenetic differences found may represent in some cases effective post-zygotic reproductive barriers. The diversity of the species karyotype supports the existence of a species complex. Keywords : Cangati; cryptic species; fish cytogenetics; allopatric speciation.

biota amazônia

Citótipo Exclusivo para Parauchenipterus galeatus (Siluriformes, Auchenipteridae) na Bacia do Atlântico NE Oriental do Brasil: Indicações de um Complexo de Espécies