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espanolEl uso indiscriminado de plaguicidas sinteticos en el control de plagas y enfermedades que afectan los cultivos, la salud humana, y el medio ambiente, han conducido a resistencia por parte de insectos y presencia de residuos toxicos en alimentos. Esto ha propiciado la necesidad de desarrollar enfoques alternativos para el control de especies plaga. El presente estudio investigo la actividad insecticida del aceite esencial de hojas de Lantana camara sobre el insecto Drosophila melanogaster. Se aislo aceite esencial de las hojas de L. camara utilizando el metodo de hidro-destilacion. El bioensayo se realizo por el metodo de la OMS para determinacion de actividad adulticida contra mosquitos y artropodos. Diferentes compuestos fueron identificados por analisis de cromatografia de gases-espectrometria de masas. El valor de CL50 del aceite fue 0.56 mg cm-2 mientras que el valor de CL95 fue 0.96 mg cm-2 sobre Drosophila melanogaster. El rendimiento de aceite esencial de hojas obtenido por hidro-destilacion fue 0.022% w/w. El analisis por cromatografia de gases - espectrometria de masas del aceite esencial mostro 66 picos, donde Germacren D (19.29%), B-Cariofileno (14.55%), α-Humuleno (9.51%), Biciclogermacren (8.94%), Germacren B (7.26%) y γ-Terpineno (5.62%) estuvieron presentes en mayores cantidades y contribuyeron con el 56.21% del total de los constituyentes. El aceite esencial de hojas de L. camara mostro actividad adulticida sobre la especie de mosca Drosophila melanogaster y podria ser utilizado para el desarrollo de insecticidas a base de aceite como complemento de insecticidas sinteticos para el control de moscas causantes de importantes perdidas economicas. EnglishThe indiscriminate use of synthetic pesticides in the control of pests and diseases affects crops, human health, and the environment, and lead to insect resistance and the presence of toxic residues in food. Previous generated the need to develop alternative approaches to pest species control. In the present study the insecticidal activity of the essential oil of leaves of Lantana camara on the insect model Drosophila melanogaster has been investigated. Essential oil was isolated from L. camara leaves using the hydro-distillation method. The Bioassay test was performed by the WHO method for the determination of adulticidal activity against mosquitoes and arthropods. Different compounds were identified by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry analysis. The LC50 value of the oil was 0.56 mg cm-2 whereas the value of the LC95 was 0.96 mg cm-2 on Drosophila melanogaster. The yield of leaf essential oil obtained by hydro-distillation was 0.022% w/w. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the essential oil showed 66 peaks, where Germacren D (19.29%), B-Caryophyllene (14.55%), α-Humulene (9.51%), Biciclogermacren (8.94%), Germacren B (7.26%) and γ-Terpinene (5.62%) were present in greater amounts and contributed 56.21% of the total constituents. The essential oil of L. camara leaves has adulticidal activity on the fly species Drosophila melanogaster and could be used for the development of oil-based insecticides as a complement to synthetic insecticides for the control of flies causing important economic losses.

Actividad adulticida y composición química del aceite esencial de hojas de Lantana camara sobre Drosophila melanogaster