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RESUMEN: En la actualidad, la disponibilidad de modelos digitales de elevacion digital (MDEs) para representar la superficie de la tierra permite el acoplamiento de modelos hidraulicos con sistemas de informacion geografica (SIG) para determinar la extension de una inundacion y los niveles del agua en la llanura de inundacion. Muchos estudios de mapeo de inundaciones se han realizado usando modelos hidrodinamicos unidimensionales y bidimensionales (1D/2D). Algunos autores indican que los modelos hidraulicos 2D son la tecnologia de punta para la modelacion de inundaciones. Sin embargo, estos modelos tienen la desventaja de que su aplicacion esta limitada por los altos requerimientos de datos, hardware y software. A su vez, los modelos 1D son ampliamente usados y dan resultados precisos en el cauce principal del rio, pero son menos exactos para modelar el flujo de desbordamiento sobre las margenes hacia las planicies adyacentes. El objetivo de esta investigacion es evaluar la precision de la modelacion de crecidas en las llanuras de inundacion, comparando una aproximacion cuasi-2D usando un modelo 1D con un modelo 2D completo. Los modelos fueron probados para el rio Dender en Belgica para tres eventos de inundacion historicos. Palabras clave: Hidraulica de rios, inundaciones, planicies de inundacion, MDE, modelos hidrodinamicos, SIG ABSTRACT: Nowadays, the availability of high resolution Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) to represent the earth surface allows coupling of hydraulic models with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to obtain the flood extent and water levels in floodplains. Many studies on flood mapping have been conducted using one or two dimensional (1D/2D) hydrodynamic models. Some authors affirm that 2D hydraulic models are the state of the art for river flood modeling. They have, however, the disadvantage that their application is constrained by the high requirements for data, hardware and software. 1D models are capable of modeling precisely the flow in main rivers, but are less accurate for modeling over bank flow. The aim of the investigation is to test the accuracy for river floodplain modeling comparing a quasi-2D approach using a 1D model with a full 2D approach. The models were tested for the river Dender in Belgium for three historical flood events. Keywords: River hydraulics, floods, floodplains, DEM, hydrodynamic models, GIS

Desempeño de modelos hidráulicos 1D y 2D para la simulación de inundaciones