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Bone marrow aspiration (BMA) and bone marrow biopsy (BMB) are important diagnostic procedures. We have found that when both the procedures are performed simultaneously they are complementary to each other. The study was conducted to determine and compare the diagnostic efficiency of bone marrow aspiration and trephine biopsy done simultaneously. Material and Methods: A total no of 100 cases, where both BMA and BMB were done simultaneously on admitted patients, have been reviewed. The results have been compared with that of previously published literature. Results: We have found that 76.0% cases showed positive correlation between bone marrow aspiration and biopsy findings. Out of 100 cases, bone marrow aspiration was diagnostic in 86.0% of cases while bone marrow biopsy was diagnostic in 87.0% of cases. Nutritional anemia, hematological malignancies and immune thrombocytopenic purpura can be easily diagnosed by bone marrow aspiration alone while bone marrow trephine biopsy is standard for diagnosis of granulomatous inflammation and hypoplastic /Aplastic anemia. Conclusion: Our study suggests that bone marrow aspiration is easy to perform and important for morphological assessment. Bone marrow trephine biopsy is more reliable in assessing cellularity, bone marrow architectural pattern, distribution of cell and fibrosis. Overall both the procedures are complementary to each other and must be performed together for better evaluation of bone marrow.

Diagnostic Utility of Bone Marrow Aspiration and Bone Marrow Biopsy in Hematological Practice