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Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS), also known as Willis-Ekbom disease, is a neurological sensorimotor disorder which is characterized by uncontrollable urge to move legs which is accompanied by painful sensation. RLS can be distinguished into primary (idiopathic) and secondary forms. Prevalence of RLS is around 1-15 % worldwide. Prevalence of RLS appears more in Northern and Western European countries and less common in Asian and South European countries. In South-India, prevalence of RLS is 2.1 %. Symptoms may appear during periods of rest and inactivity at evening-night times and relieved by movement. Symptoms of RLS include uncontrollable urge to move legs, uneasiness and discomfort in legs. Symptoms get worse during late evening and night (bedtime). RLS is commonly seen in pregnancy (secondary RLS) and prevalence is ranged between 10-34%. Dopaminergic neuron system and iron status is mostly involved in the pathophysiology of RLS. Drugs used in treatment of RLS include dopaminergic agents (ergot and non-ergot derivatives), benzodiazepines, anti epileptic agents, opioids and iron supplements. Ropinirole and rotigotine transdermal patch are highly effective in treatment of RLS.

A Review on Restless Legs Syndrome and its Management