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Patents are the protected form of innovations and the currency of a knowledge-based economy. This article is an outcome of the analysis of working of patents data, which were published on the Indian Patent Office (IPO) website during 2012 and 2013, and continuously updated thereafter. For an overview of working of patents in India, an aggregate of 64 companies and/or organizations were selected for this study. The results of the analysis revealed that Qualcomm, an American multinational semiconductor and telecommunications equipment company, topped the list with 1113 granted patents at IPO, followed by Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (1085), Hindustan Unilever (773), Samsung Electronics (705), and Philips (352). The objective of this study was to determine the workability of patents in India, and the results indicated that all the seven patents granted to Indofil (an Indian company which manufacturers agricultural, specialty and performance chemicals) were in working conditions, which apparently signified that the firm had effectively transferred the innovations for production and for the end-user. Qualcomm (99.82%), CIPLA (89.06%), Glenmark (87.50%), Kirloskar (84.62%), and Indian Space Research Organization (83.67%) were also reported to adopt progressive efforts towards workability of their patents at the IPO. The patent portfolio of these companies/organizations at different patent filing offices (PFOs) showed that Panasonic Inc. led by filing 593,674 applications, followed by Samsung Electronics (271,195), Sony (203,609), LG Electronics (173,415), and General Electric (137,207). The subject domain of patent applications emphasized that the highest patent applications were filed by the communication technology group (1,679,302), followed by agri-based research companies (251,185), motor companies (148,446), engineering solution companies (96,722), and pharmaceutical companies (63,935). IPO was preferred as an important PFO by different national and international companies for filing their innovations. The results of this study provide an opportunity for the inventors, market players, researchers and consumers to know about the innovations which are lying in the PFOs and dying with their discretion.

Transfer of Innovations:A Case of Working of Patents in India