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The relationship between nitric oxide (NO) and up-regulation of the antioxidant system ABA-mediated in maize was evaluated under long-term drought. Two maize genotypes with contrasting drought tolerance (BRS1010 - sensitive and DKB390 - tolerant) were exposed to two soil water levels, field capacity (FC) and water deficit (WD) at pre-flowering. After 12 days under these conditions, plants were irrigated and soil water level kept at FC until harvest. The plants BRS1010 under water deficit (WD) showed lower catalase activity and reduced levels of NO, whereas ABA and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased compared to plants under FC. Although, DKB390 plants under WD did not present changes on the activity of enzymatic antioxidant system and ABA compared to plants at FC, and cellular damage remain unaltered; this fact was associated with the increase in NO levels. As a result, DKB390 plants under WD showed harvest index values 50% higher than BRS1010 under the same condition. RESUMO: Avaliou-se a relacao entre oxido nitrico (NO) e aumento na atividade de enzimas do sistema antioxidante induzido por acido abscisico (ABA) em milho sob deficit hidrico severo. Para tanto, dois genotipos de milho contrastantes para tolerância a seca (BRS1010 - sensivel e DKB390 - tolerante) foram cultivados sob irrigacao e, ao atingirem o preflorescimento, foram expostos a dois niveis de agua no solo (CC - capacidade de campo e DH - deficit hidrico). Apos 12 dias nessas condicoes, a irrigacao foi restabelecida de modo a manter o nivel de agua no solo sob CC ate a colheita. Plantas do BRS1010 sob DH tiveram a atividade da enzima catalase e os niveis de NO diminuidos, enquanto os niveis de ABA e de malonaldeido (MDA) foram aumentados em relacao as suas respectivas plantas sob CC. Por sua vez, plantas do DKB390 sob DH nao apresentaram variacoes na atividade de enzimas do sistema antioxidante, tampouco nos niveis de ABA em relacao as suas respectivas plantas sob CC, e ainda assim os niveis de MDA nao foram alterados; fato acoplado a aumentos nos niveis de NO. Consequentemente, sob DH, as plantas oriundas do DKB390 apresentaram valores 50% maiores de indice de colheita em relacao as dos BRS1010.nder this same condition

Relationship Between Nitric Oxide, Enzymatic Antioxidant System And Aba In Maize Under Long-Term Drought