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Solar UV radiation can inactivate the SARS-CoV-2 virus and indirectly accelerate the recovery rate of Covid-19 patients by converting pro-vitamin D3 in the skin into pre-vitamin D. On the other hand, prolonged exposure to UV radiation might be harmful to skin health, making it necessary to use sunscreen. Synthetic chemical sunscreens can have adverse side effects, and alternatives utilizing natural ingredients are needed. The peel of the black pomegranate has strong antioxidant properties and it also has the potential as a sunscreen by making it into a topical hydrogel preparation. The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics, antioxidant activity, and sun protection factor (SPF) capacity of the ethanol extract of black pomegranate peel hydrogel preparations. Hydrogel was created containing black pomegranate peel ethanolic extract at concentrations of 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%. Then, the characteristic properties were determined, the antioxidant power was examined using DPPH (2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical) assay, and the SPF was investigated by the spectrophotometry method. The hydrogel containing extracts of 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5% had characteristics that fulfilled the specified requirements, having an inhibition percentage of 27.39%, 54.90%, and 83.91%, respectively, at the sample concentration of 600 ppm, and the SPF of this hydrogel was 2.67, 4.36, and 6.65, respectively. Therefore, according to the findings, hydrogel of black pomegranate peel ethanolic extract is good as a topical antioxidant but is less effective as SPF sunscreen. Keywords: antioxidant, hydrogel, SPF, black pomegranate peel ethanolic extract

Characteristics, Antioxidant Activity, and Sun Protection Factor of Black Pomegranate Peel Ethanolic Extract Hydrogel