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Please cite this paper as: Heidari Z, Abdollahi A, Khalili H. Is Intra-Cellular Magnesium Concentration Correlate with Morbidity and Mortality in Critically Ill Patients? A Cross-Sectional Study. J Pharm Care 2020; 8(3): 110-115. 2020 Introduction Magnesium as a second most abundant intra-cellular divalent cation plays a fundamental role in many human physiological and biochemical functions. Magnesium acts as an essential cofactor required for more than 300 cellular enzymatic reactions involved in metabolism and signal transduction pathways. It is actively involved in carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism (1). Moreover, magnesium has crucial role in modulating vascular smooth muscle tone, endothelial cell function, excitability of a cardiac cell, platelet aggregation, coagulation, fibrinolysis, immunity, and pulmonary function (2-5). Hypomagnesemia is a common electrolyte disturbance among critically ill patients with both symptomatic and asymptomatic clinical features (6). The prevalence of hypomagnesemia has been reported as high as 61-65% in critically ill patients (7, 8). Patients with diabetes mellitus, sepsis, diuretic use and/or aminoglycoside use are more vulnerable to incidence of hypomagnesemia