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Quantitative measurements of the morphological parameters of the Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) will provide a better understanding of the structure and function of the TMJ in the field of orthodontics for patients with malocclusion (1). A 3D model reconstructed from 2D CBCT scans can be reproduced with a size and volume that are identical to the actual anatomical values, and can provide measurements that are more accurate than simple linear measurements obtained from 2D CBCT scans alone (2). Although there have been efforts to standardize 3D measurements of the TMJ, the differences between 2D CBCT and 3D measurements remain unclear (1). In this study, subjects were divided into groups with malocclusion of Classes I, II, and III according to the ANB angle and molar occlusal relationships as evaluated by an orthodontist. CBCT scans were obtained in the Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) format. The 2D CBCT images were measured in accordance with the method by previous research (Fig. 1), (3). For the 3D model measurements, the DICOM files were imported into Mimics software (Materialise, Leuven, Belgium), and the skull was reconstructed into a 3D model to measure the coronal condylar width (CCW), coronal condylar angle (CCA), horizontal condylar angle (HCA), and sagittal ramus angle (SRA) (Fig. 2).

Morphological Analysis of the Temporomandibular Joint in Patients with Malocclusion Using 2D and 3D Measuring Methods