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Despite the achievements of modern medicine, the method of drainage of the upper urinary tract with obstruction remains an urgent problem in urgent urological practice. The article presents a brief literature review of classical methods of upper urinary tract drainage, such as open nephrostomy and ureteral catheter installation. Special attention is paid to modern methods of drainage of the upper urinary tract. Percutaneous puncture nephrostomy today is one of the most frequently performed operations for the purpose of upper urinary tract drainage in urology, which is used both for medical and diagnostic purposes, which characterizes it as a fairly simple operation and safe for the patient, which has a number of significant drawbacks (wearing a urinal, possible purulent-septic complications, traumatization of the renal parenchyma). In contrast to percutaneous puncture nephrostomy, the urethral stent is devoid of the above disadvantages, however, it has no less significant disadvantages in use (migration, inlay, reflux).

Evolution of upper urinary tract drainage method