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The measurement of greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes in estuaries is crucial in expressing the impacts of these GHGs on global warming, and hence climate change.  In this study, we investigated the effect of various environmental and micrometeorological factors on diurnal and seasonal variations of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) in a tidal inundated saltmarsh. Measurements of GHG fluxes were taken by using eddy covariance technique from August 2015 to July 2016 in Tomago wetland, Newcastle, NSW, Australia. In this paper, a positive flux is defined as the one directing into the atmosphere. The highest average diurnal emissions were 2.54 µg m-2 s-1 CH4 during the day and 0.45 mg m-2 s-1 CO2 at night. Monthly average fluxes peaked in February (0.365 µg m-2 s-1 CH4 and 0.137 mg m-2 s-1 CO2). There was a significant negative relationship between CO2 flux and water level (p u003c 0.001), tidal height (p = 0.02) and positive relationship with water temperature (p = 0.002). CH4 flux showed positive correlation with water level and negative correlation with EC although not statistically significant. Although tidal flooding did not demonstrate clearly carbon sequestration before and after tidal reinstatement, freshwater events (rainfall) were seen to influence the wetland carbon balance.

Diurnal and Seasonal Variation of CO2 and CH4 Fluxes in Tomago Wetland