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Turkey’s accession to the European Union (EU) has been discussed in many studies that have analyzed its possible effects on the Turkish economy. However, the accession negotiation procedure has stalled due to current conditions in the EU and Turkey. The EU is now suffering from economic problems such as intra-EU income disparity partly caused by the union’s rapid enlargement. Turkey’s pro-Islamic government policy has been noted by the EU, and it faces political and religious challenges from regional confusion in the Middle East. Nevertheless, it is still important to understand the effect that Turkey’s accession to the EU would have on the Turkish economy and on farm households in the country, since agriculture is an important industry in rural Turkey. Of the studies that have involved simulations of the effects of accession on domestic industries, those on agriculture are limited. Çakmak (2004), Kagatsume (2006), Kameyama et al. (2007), and van Leeuwen et al. (2011) conducted detailed analyses that considered differences among products. The first three of these studies concluded that EU accession made animal husbandry worse off, in contrast with crop production, which improved, whereas van Leeuwen et al. (2011) came to the opposite conclusion. However, all these studies were based on a macro perspective and did not focus on the effects of agricultural policy changes on farm households and their responses to these changes. Local-level analyses are also needed that consider farm household behavior. Furthermore, if accession to the EU widens productivity differences between crop production and livestock production, as Çakmak (2004) and other studies concluded, this might have effects on the labor participation rates of female household members, who generally work on animal husbandry in accordance with social customs as the sociological and anthropological lit17 How Social Customs Restrict EU Accession Effects on Female Labor Participation in Turkey

japanese journal of rural economics

How Social Customs Restrict EU Accession Effects on Female Labor Participation in Agricultural Production in Rural Adana, Turkey: A Simulation Analysis