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The paper is devoted to the research of the life and work of “small writers” on the basis of biographical method, which is known to be classical one and founded on the principle of “the unity of biography and creativity”. Despite the fact that the inability to study creative works in isolation from the philological interest in the personality of the writer was pointed out by G. Hegel and V. Belinsky, modern literature ignores the valuable discoveries of the 19th century. In European literature, the main provisions of the Hegel’s “Aesthetics” were developed and first used by Ch.-Aug. Sainte-Beuve, the French critic and writer. In Russia, the importance of this method was proved by I. Aksakov while writing a monograph about F. Tutchev, by P. Annenkov – about A. Pushkin, by V. Shenrock – about N. Gogol, by N. Gusev and L. OpulskayaGromova – about L. Tolstoy. In the article, the author has outlined the main stages of thorough research of N. Tolstoy’s biography and literary works. The author has presented the findings concerning the undeserved lack of scientific interest to the personality of Leo Tolstoy’s elder

vestnik moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo oblastnogo universiteta. seriâ russkaâ filologiâ/vestnik moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo oblastnogo universiteta. seriâ: russkaâ filologiâ

REFLECTIONS ON THE IMPORTANCE OF BIOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH METHOD OF N. TOLSTOY’S LIFE AND LITERARY WORK