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We have studied the fertilizer response of oilseed rape on the chernozem soil in Eastern Hungary in a three-year experiment (years of 2009/2010, 2010/2011, 2011/2012) in two sowing times (end of August, middle of September). Our research results proved that oilseed rape has high fertilizer (N+PK) demand. In the experiments, N = 210 kg ha -1 +PK proved to be the optimal fertilizer dose. The yield increasing effect of fertilization was 800 to 1300 kg ha -1 , depending on the cropyear. The maximum yield (5000 kg ha -1 ) was obtained in the cropyear of the less infection. The excellent natural nutrient providing ability of chernozem soil was confirmed by the high yield level (3000-4200 kg ha -1 ) of the control treatment (N = 0 kg ha -1 +PK). According to our studies, as an effect of the increasing N doses, the specific fertilization yield surplus of oilseed rape declined (from 19-27 kg/1 kg NPK to 11-12 kg/1 kg NPK). On the other hand, fertilization improved the water utilization efficiency (WUE) of oilseed rape in the experimental years (from 4-8 kg/1 mm precipitation + irrigation water to 11-14 kg/1 mm precipitation + irrigation water). The results of our studies confirmed that the hybrid rape had of excellent adaptation to the sowing time; due to this fact, the yield decrease was minimal (0-270 kg ha -1 ) in the middle September sowing time compared to the late August one. According to the results of the Pearson's correlation analysis, strong correlation (0.6*-0.9**) was found between the spring precipitation and temperature and the most important diseases (Sclerotinia, Alternaria, Peronospora, Phoma) of oilseed rape.

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Effects of the nutrient supply and sowing time on the yield and the phytopathological traits of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus var. napus f. biennis L.) on chernozem soil