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In the article the economic essence of the concept of «stability» in relation to the banking system from the point of view of systemic and synergetic approaches is considered. The concept of sustainability is key to the functioning of the banking system as a complex economic system. It is noted that the stability of the system implies its flexibility to the influence of external factors and the ability to maintain a stable state (homeostasis). The concept of «stability» of the system is closely linked with such concepts as «variability», «equilibrium», «sustainable development», «controllability», «non-equilibrium», «stable equilibrium», which necessitates the simultaneous study of them. The expediency of studying the stability of the banking system at the macro level (adaptive stability and substitution stability) and micro level is substantiated. The features of statistical and dynamic types of stability of the banking system are singled out. It is proposed to interpret the essence of the economic equilibrium of the banking system as its ability to maintain its initial state for a long period of time, provided that there are no disturbing influences, or their unchanged parameters. The necessity of isolating the concepts of «steady state of equilibrium» and «unstable equilibrium» of the banking system is proved. It is emphasized that the stability of the functioning of banking under the synergetic approach is related to the process of self-organization, which suggests to understand the process of formation of new structures on the basis of the existing positive feedback. The emphasis is placed on the fact that the internal mechanism for ensuring the stability of the banking system is the dominance of negative feedback relationships over positive feedback. It is argued that the non-equilibrium is the process of self-organization of the banking system as a result of the prevalence of positive feedback relationships over negative feedback systems of the system. The main identifying features of the banking system from the standpoint of the synergetic approach are outlined: complexity, dynamism, nonlinearity, openness, adaptability, coherence, non-equilibrium and the ability to self-organize. The instability of the banking system is a logical continuation of its non-linearity and openness it was emphasized.

THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF THE STABILITY OF THE BANKING SYSTEM FROM THE POSITION OF SYSTEM AND SYNERGETIC APPROACHES