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Background Tobacco use is one of the most detrimental public health issues, associated with a plethora of adverse health outcomes and with a serious impact on the cost of health care services. This becomes more evident especially in periods of economic crisis, where health systems are seriously challenged from budget cuts and austerity measures. On one hand, tobacco may be responsible for substantial constraint on the health care system, as in the case of Greece, while on the other the tobacco industry, continues to maximize their profits, despite the harmful effect of their products both to health and countries’ health system expenditure2, . Several measures have been proposed to control the global tobacco epidemic and among which an increase in tobacco product price through taxation has been suggested as one of the most effective. Tobacco tax increases have been shown to have a positive effect on smoking cessation and in increasing quit attempts . Nevertheless, price increases should not be considered as a unique policy for reducing consumption, as the impact of personal income, advertising and health promotion also contribute. Especially, in the case of Greece, consecutive attempts over time for increased taxation of tobacco products have not yielded any dramatic improvement in smoking cessation rates as indicated by the high prevalence of smokers in the country. Greek people seem to be “price-resistant” but agree to increased taxation on tobacco products, despite the overall national economic restriction, given that this is earmarked for the health care system. It is important to note that people in rural areas, due to the geographical morphology in Greece, usually have limited access to illicit tobacco markets. Illicit trade is common in urban areas, outdoor markets, near border areas and ports and is popular to immigrant population. Even though Greece due to its location constitutes a pathway for tobacco smuggling towards The association between tobacco use and perceptions of tobacco price strategies within primary care patients in rural Greece Emmanouil Symvoulakis1, Spyridon Klinis2, Nikolaos Kakoliris1, Despoina Karamitrou2, Constantine Vardavas1, Christos Lionis1