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! e invasiveness, reproductive system and control of Wasmannia auropunctata (Roger, 1863) have been the focus of many studies. However, few of these have addressed its genetic diversity or o" ered new techniques for species identi# cation. In this work, we studied the diversity of W. auropunctata in two regions of its native range, Brazil and Colombia, and evaluated new identi# cation methods based on a molecular approach. We sampled ants from 31 localities and sequenced a mitochondrial DNA fragment covering the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene, an intergenic spacer (IGS) region, a transfer RNA (tRNA)-encoding gene and the cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (COII) gene. We found high haplotype diversity, and most of the mitotypes in our samples (80%) had not been recorded before. Data analyses and comparisons with published data revealed that the tRNA between the IGS region and the COII gene was similar in all ants of this species, while the IGS region between the COI and the tRNA-encoding genes was variable in length. ! ese # ndings may contribute for interspeci# c and intraspeci# c identi# cation, respectively. Our work demonstrates the importance of more molecular studies of this kind, because they may o" er new perspectives on the diversity of this species and the methods used to identify it.

DIVERSITY OF Wasmannia auropunctata (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) AND THE USE OF MITOCHONDRIAL INTERGENIC SPACER AND LEUCINE tRNA FOR ITS IDENTIFICATION