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Among the many species of Brazilian native flora is Ilex paraguariensis, popularly known as erva-mate. Studies attribute several biological activities to this species. The objective of this work was to evaluate the antifungal and antibacterial activity of the volatile oil, extract of the leaves and the branches of the I. paraguariensis. The plant material was harvested at URI (28 ° 16’41.4 “S 54 ° 16’13.0” W) in Santo Ângelo - RS / Brazil, being ground and filtered and the volatile oil obtained by hydrodistillation. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated using the Brain Heart infusion (BHI) solid medium. The bacteria used were Corynebacterium fimi, Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enteritidis and Escherichia coli. For antifungal activity the method of diffusion in agar medium Patato dextrose agar (PDA) was used. The fungi used were Aspergillus phoenicis isolated, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium sp. and Fusarium sp. isolated clinic. The aliquots employed were the same for both bacteria and fungi of 25 and 50 μL at the concentrations of 50 and 100 mg / mL of oil and extracts. The results obtained, when compared to the results of inhibition of Fox® commercial antifungal, used as a comparative standard, proved the marked antimicrobial activity of I. paraguariensis oil. Among the different extracts tested, the leaves showed better results for antimicrobial activity with the concentration of 100mg /mL of the oil. The volatile oil of I. paraguariensis, due to the presence of inhibition halos greater than 10 mm indicates a good antimicrobial activity.

AVALIAÇÃO DA ATIVIDADE ANTIMICROBIANA DO ÓLEO VOLÁTIL E EXTRATOS ETANÓLICOS DE FOLHAS E RAMOS DE ILEX PARAGUARIENSIS A. ST.-HIL. (ERVA-MATE)