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Phosphorus is an essential nutrient in the Lake Tanganyika ecosystem, which determines the lake’s primary productivi⁃ ty, and subsequently influences the animal protein sources for riparian residents. To understand the external inputs of phosphorus to the Lake Tanganyika, 16 surface sediment samples from the rivers which flow into the northeastern lake were collected and analyzed to understand the content and spatial distribution of the total phosphorus (TP), and the relationship between land use pattern and the spatial distribution of different phosphorus forms. The TP content in surface sediment varied from 73.05 to 239.94 mg / kg, with an average content of 152.64±55.37 mg / kg, and the highest content was observed at Malagarasi river mouth. Using the sequential extraction method(Psenner) the phosphorus fractionation distribution of sediments was analyzed. The results showed that sequences of the contents of different phosphorus forms was Fe / Al⁃P > Ca⁃P > Org⁃P > Res⁃P > Labile⁃P. The TP content was highest in the estuarine wetlands, followed by that in urban areas, and the lowest content was in the woodland. It implies that land use had signif⁃ icant impacts on the content of TP and phosphorus forms. The patterns also implied that surface runoff and human activities would be the causes of the TP accumulation in the surface sediment of inflowing rivers. The spatial distribution of different phosphorus forms differed from that of TP. The highest content of Liable⁃P, Fe / Al⁃P and Org⁃P were observed in the estuarine wetland, and

Phosphorus fractions and their spatial distribution in surface sediments of inflow rivers in the northeastern Lake Tanganyika