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Pihe River is not only the largest tributary on north bank of the Huaihe River in Anhui Province, but also the important water source area in middle reaches of the Huaihe River. To determine the spatial distribution pattern of fish community and its in⁃ fluenced factors, a field investigation was conducted in six headwater streams of the Pihe River Basin from April to May, 2015. The results showed that (1) a total of 1762 individuals were collected and identified as 19 species representing 7 families in the six headwater streams. Among them, the omnivore species is accounted for 57.9% of the total species, while the carnivore and herbi⁃ vore only comprised 26.3% and 15.8% , respectively. Zacco platypus was the main dominant species with an index of relative im⁃ portance of 2471.94. Lepomis cyanellus was the first reported exotic invasion species in this basin. (2) As for the average value per site of the six streams, the species number and individual number of the three west headwater streams were obviously higher than those of the three east headwater streams, but such a tendency was not found as for the weight of fish. (3) Sorensen similarity ana⁃ lyses showed that great similarity of the fish species was detected among the six streams, and there was the relative smaller similari⁃ ty between high and low altitudes of streams. The detrended correspondence analysis ordination of the six streams was further exam⁃ ined for the accuracy of similarity analyses. (4) Pearson correlation indicated that the fish species number had significantly correla⁃ ted with local habitat parameters ( including altitude, velocity, substrate type, water depth, water wide, and conductivity) and

Fishes in headwater streams of the Pihe River Basin: Spatial distribution pattern and its main influencing factors