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We describe an aminooxy reagent for the capture of trace aldehyde and ketone volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath. The reagent, 4-(2aminooxyethyl)-morpholin-4-ium chloride (AMAH), when coated onto micropillars within a silicon microreactor, chemoselectively and covalently retains carbonyl VOCs from exhaled breath. The AMAH-carbonyl adducts are then rinsed from the microreactor with methanol and directly analyzed by Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometry (MS), where the aminium ion of the reagent enhances the sensitivity for high mass accuracy. We also outline a protocol for treatment of the AMAH-carbonyl adducts with poly(4-vinylpyridine) to afford the corresponding volatile carbonyl adducts that now can be analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). This convenient protocol imparts flexibility for the identification and quantification of isomeric VOCs using both FT-ICR-MS and GC-MS. Representative breath analyses are given to illustrate this applicability of AMAH.

Triggered release of small molecules from solid supports using heat or an applied magnetic field.