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Scientific advances in biological sciences make it possible to significantly increase the energy efficiency of productive livestock. For life, as the highest form of existence of matter, thermal energy is of particular importance. It does not only connect the actions and interactions of all types of matter, it creates order from the chaotic movements of discrete heat sources, determining the measure of irreversible energy dissipation (entropy) and the change gradient of metabolic processes, “outflow and inflow of energy”, the state of saturation and deficiency of nutrients in the body. Metabolic energy is the energy of nutrients entering the tissues and cells of the body from the digestive tract. In the process of intracellular metabolism, substances are converted into new compounds, energy is released and accumulated. Approximately half of the energy is used in the electrochemical reactions of the synthesis of substances inherent in this organism. Heredity, age, environment, condition of animals influence their quantity and quality. The second half of the energy generated in the basic metabolism is “dissipated” and released into the internal and external environment. This part of the energy, in the thermoregulation process, provides isothermal state of the body of animals. Thermal homeostasis, the range of fluctuations in body temperature within the physiological norm is a significant part of the metabolic energy consumption. The article presents results of studying such consumptions when adapting to feeding factors and changes of weather conditions of cattle of different age and productivity.

USAGE OF METABOLISM ENERGY IN FORMATION OF BODY THERMAL STATE OF THE CATTLE