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Resumo A cidade de Sao Sebastiao do Rio de Janeiro nasceu no bairro da Urca em 1565. Em 1567, governantes, jesuitas, entre outros habitantes, ocupam o alto do Morro do Castelo, no Centro da Cidade. Neste promontorio, os jesuitas constroem sua primeira escola no Brasil e a Igreja do Colegio dos Jesuitas. Em 1744 uma nova igreja seria construida englobando a torre do colegio e a igreja antiga. O arrasamento do Morro do Castelo, no seculo XX, destroi todas as edificacoes, incluindo a igreja inacabada. Estes capiteis foram levados para os jardins do campus da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro-UFRJ e la permaneceram ate 2008, quando foram resgatados para exposicao no Museu da Geodiversidade. Em geral, a conservacao de monumentos petreos so e realizada quando ja ha uma deterioracao importante em curso. O presente trabalho busca valorizar a perspectiva da conservacao preventiva e estabelecer um metodo de conservacao para as pecas em cantaria, integrantes dos capiteis externos dessa nova Igreja do Colegio dos Jesuitas. Tecnicos e especialistas da UFRJ, do IPHAN e do CETEM tem trabalhado em conjunto na metodologia para identificacao, diagnostico e especificacao de acoes de conservacao dos capiteis. Considerando-se a metodologia da conservacao preventiva, a partir das caracterizacoes tecnologicas e dos monitoramentos ambientais, serao criadas rotinas de controle, prevencao e minimizacao de danos. Os capiteis tambem estao sendo caracterizados tecnologicamente por meio de ensaios de fluorescencia de raios-x, difracao de raios-x, dureza, velocidade ultrassonica, cor e brilho, determinacao de porosidade e absorcao de agua, para determinacao de sua composicao quimica e mineralogica, bem como por avaliacoes microbiologicas, de modo a serem diagnosticadas as suas condicoes fisicas e seu grau de alteracao e deterioracao, a fim de se estabelecer parâmetros para as medidas preventivas de conservacao. Palavras Chave: lioz; geoconservacao; conservacao preventiva Abstract PREVENTIVE CONSERVATION OF STONE MONUMENTS: THE CASE OF “CAPITALS” OF NEW CHURCH OF JESUITS FROM THE CASTLE HILL, RIO DE JANEIRO. The city of Sao Sebastiao do Rio de Janeiro was born in Urca in 1565. In 1567, rulers, Jesuits, among other people, occupy the top of the Morro do Castelo, in the City Centre. In this promontory, the Jesuits built their first school in Brazil and the Church of the Jesuit College. In 1744 a new church would be built encompassing the tower of the college and the old church. The razing of the Morro do Castelo, in the twentieth century, destroys all buildings, including the unfinished church. These capitals were taken to the gardens of the campus of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro-UFRJ and remained there until 2008, when recovered for exhibition at the Museum of Geodiversity. In general the conservation of stony monuments is only performed when there is already a significant deterioration in progress. This paper seeks to value the perspective of preventive conservation and establish a conservation method for the pieces in stone, external capitals members of this new Church of the Jesuit College. Technicians and specialists from UFRJ, IPHAN and CETEM have been working together in the methodology for identification, diagnosis and specification for the conservation actions. Considering preventive conservation methodologies, control routines will be created, prevention and damage minimization actions, based on the results from the laboratory analysis and environmental monitoring. The capitals are also being characterized technologically by fluorescence assays x-ray diffraction, x-ray, hardness, ultrasonic velocity, color and brightness, determination of porosity and water absorption, to determine its chemical and mineralogical composition, as well as by microbiological evaluation, with the view to diagnose its physical condition and the degree of alteration and deterioration, in order to establish parameters for conservation measures. Keywords: lioz; geoconservation; preventive conservation

CONSERVAÇÃO PREVENTIVA DE MONUMENTOS PÉTREOS: O CASO DOS CAPITÉIS DA NOVA IGREJA DOS JESUÍTAS DO MORRO DO CASTELO, RIO DE JANEIRO