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Received: 26 May 2018 Accepted: 19 November 2018 Constructal law deals with evolution and generation of new configurations of a physical system according to first and the second law of thermodynamics. Constructal law based design allows understanding the basic principles of the evolution of design in nature and to evolve a system through the maximization of its efficiency. On the other side, Digital Twin is a foundational paradigm of Industry 4.0. Digital Twin is the technological framework that allows an effective lifecycle analysis of a system and an effective comparison of different configurations. It allows determining the digital model of a physical system and replicating its evolution. This paper investigates how they can be complementary instruments of engineering and design process inside a knowledge based framework that opens the way through a knowledge-based, holistic and evolutional perspective in engineering. This paper aims to verify if an extended and evolved digital twin model that conforms with a multidisciplinary application of constructal law can be realized through the design of an optimized low-cost container house for social housing. The results demonstrate not only the efficiency and the results of the proposed system and that the results allow an effective improvement of the system performances and that this improvement is realized through an effective design which can be realized as it is with a finite precision, which is the one that is allowed by the real industrial components.

Can constructal law and exergy analysis produce a robust design method that couples with industry 4.0 paradigms? The case of a container house