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Received: 17 April 2019 Accepted: 22 July 2019 The current drop-and-pull (D-P) transport process has many defects, including but not limited to the insufficient information sharing, the private ownership of vehicles and infrastructure, and the mismatch between vehicles and goods. Moreover, the hardware and software of existing freight stations fall short of the demand for D-P transport. To solve these problems, this paper optimizes the design of the D-P transport network based on shared freight station and the hub-and-spoke (H-S) network. The freight stations were taken as the hubs, and the routes between supply/demand point and freight station are treated as spokes. On this basis, an optimization model was established to minimize the total cost of freight stations and maximize the force from freight stations on supply/demand points in the H-S D-P network. In addition, all the supply/demand points in the region are covered by the selected freight stations. The LINGO software was introduced to solve the established model. Taking a region in southern China for example, the proposed shared freight station design was compared with the traditional freight station design. The results show that the single-hub H-S D-P network obtained by the traditional design could meet the demand when the D-P demand was relatively small; however, only the multi-hub H-S D-P network obtained by the shared freight station design could fulfil a large D-P demand in an efficient manner. The research findings show that the shared freight station is the future of D-P transport.

Optimization of Drop-and-Pull Transport Network Based on Shared Freight Station and Hub-and-Spoke Network