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Received: 30 April 2018 Accepted: 10 December 2018 This study seeks to explain the use of low pressure inlet air to serve as a cooling agent to lower the discharge temperature of hot air by employing a vortex tube which has a snail nozzle designed specifically to achieve this objective. A series of tests were performed using various snail nozzles with entries of (n) 4-8 at a pressures of 1, 2, and 3 bar, using a counter-flow vortex tube with inner diameters of 10, 12, 14, 16, and 18 mm. During the course of the experiment it was possible to vary the maximum temperature within the vortex as well as the energy separation, by making adjustments to the inlet air stream. It was thus possible for this stream to leave the vortex tube at a temperature level equal to just 40% of the intake mass flow. The vortex tube thus exhibited a cooling capacity capable of taking an inlet temperature at the snail nozzle of 25 °C, and reducing this to a low of -20.2 °C. The largest observed change in air temperature amounting to 45.2° C, was achieved with a vortex tube diameter of 16 mm and the use of a 6-snail nozzle. Cooling efficiency could be calculated to provide η max cooling 41.6 %.

An experimental investigation on the efficiency of snail entry in vortex tube fed low inlet air pressure to reduce temperature of low pressure air