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espanolIntroduccion: Tradicionalmente, Rhodnius prolixus ha sido considerado el principal vector, mientras que Triatoma maculata resulta ser un vector secundario de Trypanosoma cruzi en el medio rural venezolano. En este trabajo se provee informacion de interes acerca de los componentes bioquimicos y del sistema inmune, humoral y celular, de la hemolinfa de R. prolixus y T. maculata alimentados sobre gallina y rata. Metodologia: los insectos provenian de una colonia del laboratorio, mantenida a una temperatura de 27-29oC, 50% de humedad relativa y ocho horas luz/dia. Se analizo la hemolinfa de adultos alimentados sobre gallina y rata. Se observaron los hemocitos mediante microscopia optica y electronica de transmision. Resultados: los parametros bioquimicos de glucosa, lipidos y proteinas fueron afectados de forma distinta en R. prolixus y T. maculata segun la fuente alimenticia. T. maculata presento mayores niveles de actividad litica de lisozima. Se observaron cuatro poblaciones de hemocitos (prohemocitos, plasmatocitos, granulocitos y oenocitos), cuyas caracteristicas y medidas estan acorde a lo reportado por otros autores sobre la subfamilia Triatominae. T. maculata presento mayor numero de prohemocitos y oenocitos que R. prolixus. Conclusiones: En su hemolinfa, R. prolixus y T. maculata son afectados distintamente en los componentes bioquimicos (glucosa, lipidos y proteinas) e inmunes, tanto humorales (lizosima) como celulares (prohemocitos, oenocitos), segun sean alimentados sobre gallina y rata. Esto pone de manifiesto de la alimentacion sobre uno de los componentes de la competencia vectorial, como lo es el sistema inmune propio de la hemolinfa de los insectos. EnglishIntroduction: Traditionally, Rhodnius prolixus has been considered the main vector, while Triatoma maculata remains to be a secondary vector of Trypanosoma cruzi in the Venezuelan rural habitat. In this work, interesting information about the biochemical and immune (humoral and cellular) aspects of the hemolymph of R. prolixus and T. maculate, feeding on hen and rat, are presented. Methodology: Hemolymph was extracted from adult insects, maintained at 2729 °C with 50% of relative humidity and 8/16 (Light/Dark) hours, and fed on hen and rat. Hemocytes were observed by optical and transmission electron microscopy. Results: Biochemical parameters (glucose, lipids and proteins) varied in both species according to the food source. T. maculata presented higher levels of lysozyme lytic activity. Four hemocytes populations were observed by optical and transmission electron microscopy (prohemocytes, plasmocytes, granulocytes and oenocytes), exhibiting characteristics and measurements in accordance with previous literature related to the Triatominae subfamily. T maculata presented more prohemocytes and oenocytes than R. prolixus. Conclusions: On their hemolymph, R. prolixus and T. maculata are distinctly affected in their biochemical (glucose, lipids and proteins) and immune components, both humoral (lysozyme) and cellular (prohemocytes, oenocytes), depending on whether they were fed on hens or rats. Our results show that the food source affects the immune system of triatomines, and subsequently, their vectorial capacity may be compromised as well.

Estudio de componentes hemolinfáticos de Rhodnius prolixus y Triatoma maculata alimentados con diferentes fuentes sanguíneas