English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

espanolLa mineria de los recursos de hierro del area de Gava (Cataluna) fue activa de forma intermitente durante las epocas Iberica y Romana, la Edad Media, y hasta la era industrial, lo cual se ha probado mediante datos arqueologicos y documentos historicos. Es posible que, inclusive, la mineria de hierro en el area haya existido durante el periodo Neolitico. Las mineralizaciones de hierro se formaron en dos estadios: (1) alteracion hidrotermal regional asociada a cabalgamientos Hercinicos que produjo ankeritizaciones de calizas en las series del Paleozoico, y (2) el reemplazamiento karstico de los carbonatos ricos en hierro durante el Plioceno y el Cuaternario por medio de fluidos supergenicos que produjeron ocres con goethita y hematites. El estilo de mineralizacion depende en gran medida de las caracteristicas del protolito reemplazado, lo cual lleva a la definicion de tres estilos de mineralizacion: (1) El reemplazamiento supergenico de calizas masivas ankeritizadas del Pridoliense produjo unicamente reemplazamientos locales restringidos a discontinuidades estructurales o estratigraficas por lo tanto, las mineralizaciones son de dimensiones reducidas en forma de vetillas o masas verticales irregulares; (2) El reemplazamiento de alternancias de calizas ankeritizadas con pizarras que contienen pirita diseminada (Lockoviense) produjo bolsadas de mineralizaciones masivas ricas en silice derivadas de las pizarras alteradas; (3) El reemplazamiento de carbonatos cabalgados por pizarras ricas en sulfuros y fosfatos favorecio la formacion de mineralizaciones estratoligadas masivas, que son las de mayor tamano y grado en el area de estudio, pudiendo estar localmente enriquecidas en minerales del supergrupo de la alunita y en fosfatos de Ca y Fe. Afloramientos de todos estos estilos de mineralizacion fueron explotadas tanto en la antiguedad como en la Edad Media, aprovechando la alta calidad metalurgica de las menas, pese a que los dos primeros estilos de mineralizacion presentan cuerpos de reducido tamano. Por ello, en dichas epocas la explotacion fue artesanal mediante trincheras o pocillos. En cambio, en la epoca industrial solo se beneficiaron los recursos masivos del tercer estilo de mineralizacion a cielo abierto y a traves de galerias. EnglishMining for iron resources in the Gava area of Catalonia occurred intermittently during the Iberian and Roman epochs, the Middle Ages, and continuing until the industrial era, as evidenced by historical and archaeological documents.. Iron mining in this area could have occurred even earlier, during the Neolithic period. Iron ores were formed in two stages: (1) a regional hydrothermal alteration associated with Hercynian thrusts that produced the ankeritization of limestones within the Paleozoic series, and (2) the karstic replacement of these iron-rich carbonates during the Pliocene and Quaternary by means of supergenic fluids that produced ochres with goethite and hematite. The style of mineralization largely depends on the characteristics of the replaced protolith, and three styles of mineralization can be defined: (1)The supergenic replacement of ankeritized massive Pridolian limestones only produced local replacements that were restricted to structural or stratigraphic discontinuities, therefore, the mineralization has reduced dimensions and occurs as irregular veinlets or pipes; (2) The replacement of interbedded ankeritized limestones and pyrite-bearing shales (Lockovian) produced massive ores in pod-shaped bodies rich in silica impurities derived from the altered shales; and (3) The replacement of carbonates overthrust by pyrite- and phosphate-rich shales favored the formation of massive stratabound deposits, which are the largest and highest grade deposits in the study area, and may be locally enriched in minerals of the alunite supergroup and Ca- and Fe-rich phosphates. Outcrops of all of these styles of mineralization were mined by the Iberian cultures, during the roman period and in the Middle Ages, taking advantage of the relatively high metallurgical quality of the ores.Therefore, the exploitation during these epochs was artisanal by means of trenches or small pits. In contrast, during the industrial era only the massive stratabound deposits were exploited in open pits and underground galleries.

Geological context and origin of the mineralization of the historic and prehistoric iron mines in the Gavà area, Catalonia, NE Iberian Peninsula