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The article analyzes the dispute between two Russian thinkers, Nikolay Karamzin and Mikhail Speransky, about two possible ways of forming a social ideal at the beginning of the 19th century in Russia. Their concepts were based on the ideas and values of the Enlightenment. They developed and proposed to the Russian public two different models of the possible development of Russian society. Their concepts were built on two different logics; one took origin from person to society and was built on the idea of a free and enlightened citizen. The second went from society to the individual. This model was based on the idea of borrowing institutions from more developed states.

Two concepts of the formation of social ideal in Russia at the beginning of the 19th century: N.M. Karamzin versus M.M. Speransky