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To assess and compare the changes in endothelial cell count in diabetic and non-diabetic patients after routine phacoemulsification and small incision cataract surgery. Materials and Methods: Total 130 eyes of 130 patients was taken in the study were age and sex matched. Out of which 65 eyes of 65 patients of Type 2 diabetes mellitus and 65 eyes of 65 non-diabetic patients of cataract underwent cataract surgery. Out of which 65 patient for phacoemulsification surgery and 65 patients for small incision cataract surgery were evaluated. In all the patients specular microscopy for the corneal endothelial cell count and central corneal thickness was done pre-operatively. And post operatively at one week, six weeks and 12 weeks was done. The variation in the endothelial size and shape and percentage of hexagonal cells were assessed. A Comparative analysis of endotheial cell count and percentage of endothelial cell loss between two groups was performed. Also there was comparison of endothelial cell loss between phacoemulcification and small incision cataract surgery was done. Results: The mean pre-operative endothelial cell count in the Non-diabetic group was higher than the diabetic group (p<0.001). The post-operative endothelial cell count loss in both the groups were statistically significant (p<0.001). On comparing postoperative endothelial cell loss in non diabetics (7.09%) to diabetic group, the diabetic group had significantly higher endothelial loss (12.04 %) (p<0.001). The change in percentage hexagonal cells in diabetic group was significantly higher than in non diabetic group (p<0.005). There was no significant difference was found in endothelial cell loss in between phacoemulcification and small incision cataract surgery. Conclusions: In diabetic patients there was higher endothelial cell loss when compared with nondiabetic patients after cataract surgery. The changes were seen even in the presence of good glycemic control. Introduction Type 2 diabetes is likely to be the greatest epidemic in human history. If the total number of diabetics in the world is to be collected in one country, it would be the third biggest country in the world. Diabetic patients develop cataract at younger ages compared with their nondiabetic counterparts. Although cataract surgery can restore their vision, in several recent studies it has shown that diabetic patients are more susceptible to corneal complications. For example, at baseline, diabetic patients have lower endothelial cell density with an increased coefficient of variance. In addition, after 10 years of diabetic duration, patients may develop greater central corneal thickness (CCT). In previous studies it was shown conflicting results on whether diabetic patients have an increased risk of endothelial cell loss after cataract surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between diabetes and endothelial cell count in ,patients of cataract surgery and difference in endothelial cell count in nondiabetic patients, to offer a comprehensive analysis of etiologies explaining the increased risk of endothelial cell loss after cataract surgery among diabetic patients. Materials and Methods This study is a prospective study conducted at department of ophthalmology, Dr. Sushila Tiwari Government Hospital, Govt. Medical College Haldwani from April 2017 to April 2018. Approval was taken from the Institutional ethical committee, a proper informed and written consent was taken from all the participants. Total 130 eyes of 130 patients were studied out of which 65 diabetic patients and 65 nonArticle Info Received: 1st June, 2019 Accepted: 15th July, 2019 Published Online: 9th September, 2019

A prospective study of endothelial cell count in diabetic and non-diabetic patients after cataract surgery