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—Nitrate contamination is a great concern all over the world. However, the conventional biological processes like the modified Ludzack-Ettinger process are time-consuming. Accordingly, a rapid process for nitrate removal is desired. We conceived an electrochemical process for rapid removal of nitrate, which contained electrochemical reduction of nitrate to ammonia and electrochemical break-point chlorination of ammonia. In this research, we investigated effects of operational parameters such as volumetric electric charge, flow rate and chloride ion concentration on electrochemical nitrate removal. A hand-made divided flow cell with a copper mesh cathode, a platinum-coated titanium anode and a cation exchange membrane as a separator was developed as well as applied to the treatment of synthetic water containing 1.42 mM of nitrate at various volumetric electric charges, flow rates and chloride ion concentrations. As a result, it was observed that the flow cell operated at a flow rate of 20 mL/min, chloride ion concentration of 800 mg/L, volumetric electric charge of 5,100 C/L and at pH 7 successfully removed nitrate from 1.42 mM to 0.43 mM without ammonia and nitrite accumulation within 1 minute contact time. Consequently, the electrochemical technique was thought to be feasible for the rapid removal of nitrate from water streams.

Influence of Operational Parameters on Rapid Nitrate Removal Using an Electrochemical Flow Cell