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In some cases standard chemotherapy of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) leads to neurotoxicity;  its mechanisms, methods of prognosis, and prevention are being actively studied. The aim of this study was to assess  the cytokine profile in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of children with ALL and neurotoxic side effects of chemotherapy.  This prospective study included 24 children with ALL aged from 3 to 17 years. Patients were further subdivided  into ALL patients with (main group) and without neurological complications (comparison group). The level  of cytokines in CSF was measured by Xmap technology (Luminex) using Invitrogen test systems (eBioscience)  and the Luminex 200 system. The comparative analysis of the cytokine profile in the group of children with  chemotherapy-induced neurotoxic complications revealed elevated levels of chemokine CXCL12 (SDF-1α) and  stem cell factor (SCF). Increased level of these cytokines in CSF was characterized by a relatively risk for development  of toxic peripheral neuropathy.

A pilot study of cytokine profile in cerebrospinal fluid of children with acute lymphocytic leukemia and neurotoxic side effects of chemotherapy