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Cholelithiasis, acute cholecystitis and chronic are common pathology of the hepatobiliary tract that clearly require surgical treatment. Open cholecystectomy has been the gold standard for over 100 years. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was introduced in the 1980s taking its place. Nowadays, the discussions continues regarding the quirurgical management of the gallbladder disease. Objective: To expose the advantages and disadvantages of open and laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Materials and Methods: prospective, observational study. Two groups of patients with gallbladder pathology clinically diagnosed and confirmed by ultrasound that required surgical management of emergency or scheduled during the period from May to July 2017. The variables evaluated were: gender, age, origin, occupation, underlying pathologies, complaint, pre diagnostic and postoperative, mode of surgery, surgical time, intraoperative and postoperative complications, conversion rate, hospital stay pre and postsurgical, resume time intake oral food, independent to 12 hours, return to work, use of antibiotics and analgesia, fever, aesthetic satisfaction and ambulation. Results: Fifty cholecystectomies were recorded, of which 31 were performed laparoscopically (CVL) and 19 were conventional (CC). The conversion rate was 6%. An average surgical time of 1 hour 46 minutes for CC and 1 hour 28 minutes for CVL was found. Independent walking at 12 hours was recorded in 15.79% of patients undergoing CC, and in 70.97% of those operated by CVL. Patients undergoing CCT took an average of 25.5 hours to resume oral intake after surgery; and those ope-

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"ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF VIDEOLAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY ON OPEN SURGERY IN CHOLECYSTECTOMY PERFORMED AT THE SECOND CATHEDRA OF SURGICAL CLINIC, HOSPITAL DE CLINICAS, SAN LORENZO, PARAGUAY 2017"