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Objective: To determine the validity of skeletal muscle ultrasound in the evaluation of the Achilles tendon. To establish the typical sonographic findings in the Achilles tendon, both healthy and injured. Methods: A bibliographic review was carried out, developing a PubMed search that covered papers from 1984 to January 30, 2018. The following terms were used: “Ultrasound achilles tendón”, “Ultrasound triceps surae”, “Achilles tendinopathy ultrasound”. Articles were included based on their methodological quality, scientific relevance, contribution of novelty and their clinical usefulness. Results: Articles about the validity and reliability of the evaluation of the Achilles tendon, as well as of nearby structures, by skeletal muscle ultrasound were found. There were also articles about the findings in the image of the healthy and injured Achilles tendon. Conclusions: The literature seems to confirm that musculoskeletal ultrasound is a valid and reliable method to evaluate Achilles tendinopathy. There were sonographic differences between healthy and injured tendons, and this evaluation did not seem to differentiate between chronic injury and internal tear. Tendon thickening and neovascularization should be considered during diagnosis of Achilles tendinopathy, but the simple presence of these features would not determine the clinical severity.

Estado actual de la validez y fiabilidad de la valoración ecográfica del tendón de Aquiles