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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is traditionally conceptualized as a neurodegenerative movement disorder, but patients affected by this disease commonly experience a wide range of non-motor symptoms of PD (NMS-PD). These NMS-PD can occur at all disease stages yet are poorly understood and lack effective therapies. PD pathophysiology has been classically described following lesional models of the basal ganglia and dysfunctions at a neurotransmitter level. However, studies that describe PD utilizing wide network perspectives, demonstrate an aberrant connectome at different levels, defined as dysfunctions in neural cortical and subcortical connectivity. While connectome dysfunction is better recognized in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), its clinical relevance in PD remains to be fully appreciated. Moreover, while AD has been significantly associated with an increased incidence of epileptic activity, only in recent times similar have findings been reported in patients with PD. This review aims to raise awareness on how cortical and sub-cortical disruptions in the PD connectome could generate aberrant neuronal activity, eventually resulting in an epileptogenic substrate for subclinical or atypical seizure manifestations. We will discuss how these manifestations may be easily under-recognized or mistaken for other NMS-PD. Finally, we will discuss the important practical implications for a prompt diagnosis and proper therapeutic management.

Non-motor Symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease—Considerations for Subclinical and Atypical Seizures